By Courtney Campbell
There’s a lot that we can learn from the past. More importantly we can find great writing there. The 20th century is filled with inspiring and influential stories with style that can be incorporated into a journalist’s writing nowadays. In the times of social issues and civil rights, these stories made a difference in communities by informing the general public and revealing injustices.
These are the kinds of stories that would have won the American Society of Newspaper Editor recognition.
Chapter nine of America’s Best Newspaper Writing pays honor to ten classic pieces of reporting. These stories range from the funeral train of a dead president to mass media propaganda to racism in the Deep South. They all have something in common: the writer’s to skillfully craft a story, hold the audience’s attention and do it under a deadline.
Harold A. Littledale “Prisoners With Midnight in Their Hearts” Jan. 12, 1917
During 1917, the conditions of state prisons were horrible. Writing for the New York Evening Post, Littledale combines a brief editorial introduction with hard evidence that lead to New Jersey to begin to reform their prisons. As the United States continues to deal with crime by adding more and more prisoner, its a story journalists can look to for inspiration for their own investigative reporting.
Littledale incorporates repetition throughout this piece to drive his the story along. He begins by repeating the word “bad” — “It’s bad in its structure, bad in its influence, and bad in it’s management” — to emphasize how all around horrible the New Jersey State Prison at Trenton is. He does this again by repeating “It is a fact” in a long list of sentences of what the prison is and, more importantly, not doing and how it is costly to the taxpayer. This investigation lays out the facts in an easy way for readers to understand and want to do something.
William Allen White “Mary White” May 17, 1921
White began his career as a Republican politician after an argument ignited a flame that lead him to write the editorial “What’s the Matter with Kansas?” This story lead to his fame, and although unsuccessful in office, he became a profound writer. He is best known for his personal obituary column of about the his 16-year-old daughter Mary, who died in a horsing accident in The Emporia (Kan.) Gazette.
This story clearly came from the heart and although objectivity is key in journalism, the piece connects to anyone that has loved their child. He describes the report of her death, something that was difficult, but then defends her love of riding and contributions to society. At first a simple list of her life, it grows to a deeper personal account of her. “But the soul of her, the glowing, gorgeous, fervent should of her, surely was flaming in eager joy upon some other dawn.”
Lorena A. Hickok “Iowa Village Waits All Night for Glimpse at Fleeting Train” Aug. 7, 1923
Originally, Hickok only wrote human interest and society news stories, as that was what women were allowed to write. However, she proved her worth with the city beat and was assigned to political and sport stories at the Minneapolis Tribune. Stationed in the tiny Iowa village of Honey Creek, Hickok waited with citizens to get a peak of the train that was carrying the dead body of President Warren G. Harding and framed the village and the looming future of the Depression.
Hickok begins not with the death of the president himself, but focuses rather on the excitement of town first. This paints the image of America and the respects they repay for their leader. Although the president was the driving piece of the story, she chooses to describe chatter and follows a chronological structure to explain the days events to visualize the excitement. “Red tail light half a mile down the track — ‘Well, it was worth is, wasn’t it?’ ‘It was.'”
Richard Wright “Joe Louis Uncovers Dynamite” Oct. 8, 1935
Wright was one of the few journalists of his time to focus on race in America. What he had to say was controversial and could not appear in mainstream media, so it was published in New Masses, a communist publication. In his story about a boxing match between black Joe Louis and white Max Baer, he focuses on Louis and the crowd, going beyond a simple event to the more complex issue of racism.
The lede brings the audience into the boxing match with playful dialogue. “WUN – TUH – THREEE – FOOO – FIIVE -SEEX – SEVEN – EIGHT – NIINE – THUNN!” Although he starts with the match, Wright focuses on those that attended and contrasting the blacks and whites that attended. By repeating “something” at the start of different sentences he describes how something has changed in each, causing fear and a riot. He shows how Louis not only won a match, but gave his people a taste of freedom.
Dorothy Thomas “Mr. Welles and Mass Delusion” Nov. 2, 1938
Inspired by the radio broadcast of The War of the Worlds, Thomas comments on media and mass delusion. She calls the broadcast “the story of the century” and connects it to the current century, which is filled with a brew of media, politics and celebrities. Published in the New York Herald Tribune in her column “On the Record,” her essay developed the journalists role as a media critic.
Thomas explains how the broadcast brought fear to the public, and how silly and ignorant those people are. She repeats “They have” in the start of a group of sentences to emphasize what Orson Welles did to his audience and how it reflects on America, how people will believe anything the media puts out there. Welles himself did not expect this. Thomas concludes by listing what she has learned from this incident and how scared the public has become.
Ernie Pyle “The Death of Captain Henry Waskow” Jan. 10, 1944
Pyle became a war veteran himself, writing dispatches about common, everyday soldiers during the post-Vietnam era. He became loved by the soldiers he wrote about and died with them on the battlefield himself while reporting. The connection that he made with the soldiers is shown in his story of Capt. Henry T. Waskow in Scripps Howard Newspaper Alliance, showing how truly beloved this captain was.
Throughout the story he uses “I” and “we,” which connects both himself and the audience to the captain, emphasizing his importance. Pyle walks the readers through the funeral with captivating detail and how real and terrifying uncovering a dead soldier is. “You feel small in the presence of dead men, and you don’t ask silly questions.” He revealed a side that many people don’t think about and how real and scary the life of a soldier is.
Marvel Cooke “From ‘The Brox Slave Market'” 1950
Under the influence of W.E.B. DuBois, she got a taste of writing skills and activism. In order to get this his story, Cooke had intense investigation that required her to go undercover and experience looking for domestic labor. As the only black person and only woman on staff for The Daily Compass, she performed degrading work, but got her story and described her experience in graphic detail for a five-part series.
Cooke’s story flows like a narrative as she gives her personal account. She discusses not only the discrimination that she experiences, but displays how it started getting to her and how embedded she was in her role. “Suddenly I was angry — angry at this slave boss — angry for all workers everywhere who are treated like a commodity.” Although she gets adjusted to her role, she still is aware how terrible it is and compares it to a slave trade. This kind of undercover work that a true story.
Red Smith “Miracle of Coogan’s Bluff” Oct. 4, 1951
To report on a monumental sports event the journalist must perform as well as the players. Smith did this for the New York Herald Tribune when the New York Giants defeated the the Brooklyn Dodgers in a playoff game. He was also able to do this on a tight deadline while explaining the uproar and the fan base from a in depth experience.
The story begins at the end of the game, focusing on the drunken riots of fans, rushing on to the field and being pulled away by the cops. Although not the action of the game, it still draws in the reader. The rest of the story is told from the last pitch, the winning moment, what the audience was waiting to read. It’s complete with descriptive action writing that allows the reader to experience the play. “Then he started jumping straight up in the air, again and again. Then he trotted around the bases, taking his time.”
Myer Berger “About New York” Jan. 23, 1959
Berger was known as one of the best writers for the best newspaper — The New York Times. Serving as a war correspondent in Europe and North Africa, he got in on great narratives that recounted devastating events. When he returned home, he got out into the streets to find his story and once found and poor, old blind man who was once a great musician before he died himself.
The story itself flows like a piece of music. It crescendos and is filled with description that allows the audience to visualize the man as a song would. Although the man is old and has forgotten a few things, Berger makes sure he gets his facts right by doing some digging himself. “He said he was Laurence Stroetz, born in Fifth Street between Avenues A and B on Aug. 10, 1877, when the lower East Side was mainly German.”
Gene Patterson “A Flower for the Graves” Sep. 16, 1963
Patterson worked during the civil rights era and produced a daily column for The Atlanta Constitution, persuading other white Southerners to reject their racist past. After dynamite exploded in a Baptist Church in Birmingham and killed four black children, he responded to the public outrage. His column depicts a firsthand account of what happened and what needs to be changed.
He begins the story with an image of a mother holding a dead child’s shoe, which he then connects to the whole community stating that they all hold that shoe and are to blame. This is a bold, but accurate statement. Patterson begins with “We” for several short paragraphs, emphasizing that the entire community needs to come together and take responsibility for what has happened. The column is a call to action and reminds the white members of the community that they know better.
Here is other examples of classic journalism:
H. L. Mencken “Darrow’s Eloquent Appeal Wasted” July 14, 1925
In following the Scopes Monkey Trial, Mencken reports each day getting coverage of both evolutionists and creationists. Although there is little direct quotes, he includes grave detail of the events that occurred in the courtroom. He drives the story along, leaving each day a cliff hanger, just as those in the courtroom feel.
Albert L. Delugach and Denny Wals “From St. Lewis (Missouri) 1968
These two journalists provide great coverage of abuse of power within the St. Louis Steamfitters Union, Local 562. They break down the information into sections, so that readers can see a murder and how it is connected to this company. The story is straight to the point, making it easy for the audience to understand.